A Study on Comparative analysis of AI regulation in the EU, US, and China

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology influencing global economies, governance, and societal structures. However, its rapid advancement has necessitated regulatory frameworks to ensure ethical use, safety, and accountability. This research paper presents a comparative analysis of AI regulation in three major global powers: the European Union (EU), the United States (US), and China. The study examines regulatory approaches, policy frameworks, enforcement mechanisms, and their implications for innovation, privacy, and global competitiveness. The findings reveal that while the EU adopts a stringent risk-based regulatory model, the US follows a decentralized and innovation-driven approach, and China emphasizes centralized control and state-driven governance. The paper concludes with insights into global regulatory convergence and future challenges.